1、段落翻译

(1)说起上海老城，总会让人和古老传统的东西联系起来，比如明代的豫园和清代的城隍庙。上海建城有700多年历史，但最具人文发展历史的时期是开埠后的150年间，诸如华洋杂居、石库门、老字号等等，都发生在开埠后的上海。
流传于老城内外的民间文化，丰富多彩。著名的“上海老城人物风情画卷”生动地描绘了上海老城市民的生活百态。上海老城是历史文明与现代文明的兼容并蓄，无论上海城市发展如何日新月异，她仍将记录着上海城市发展的历史华章。
 

(2)   A majority of the world’s climate scientists have convinced themselves, and also a lot of laymen, some of whom have political power, that the Earth’s climate is changing; that the change, from humanity’s point of view, is for the worse; and that the cause is human activity, in the form. of excessive emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide.
    A minority, though, are sceptical. Some think that recent data suggesting the Earth’s average temperature is rising are explained by natural variations in solar radiation, and that this trend may be coming to an end. Others argue that there is no conclusive evidence that modern temperatures are higher than they used to be.
    We believe that global warming is a serious threat, and that the world needs to take steps to try to avert it. That is the job of the politicians. But we do not believe that climate change is a certainty. There are no certainties in science. Prevailing theories must be constantly tested against evidence, and more evidence collected, and the theories tested again. That is the job of the scientists.

2、阅读

（一）

On Saturday mornings I worked in the family shop. I started cycling down to the shop with Dad on Saturday as soon as I was big enough. I thought of it as giving him a hand and so I didn't mind what I did, although it was mostly just fetching and carrying at a run all morning. I managed not to think of it as work and I looked forward to the bar of chocolate my grandmother passed me unsmilingly as I left. I tried not to look at her; I had reason to feel guilty because I'd generally already eaten some dried fruits or a sliver of cheese when no one was looking. As soon as I was fifteen, though, Dad said, “That's it, our Janet. You're of working age now and you're not coming to work unless your grandmother pays you properly.' He did his best to make his chin look determined. “I shall speak to her.”

The next Saturday, Gran called me into her little office behind the shop. I always hated going in there. She had an electric heater on full blast, and the windows were always kept tightly closed whatever the weather. There were piles of dusty catalogues and brochures on the floor. “You're wanting to get paid, I hear,” Gran said. “Yes, please,” I replied. It was rather like visiting the head mistress at school, so I was very quiet and respectful. Gran searched through the mess of papers on her crowded desk, sighing and clicking her tongue. Eventually she produced an official-looking leaflet and ran her fingers along the columns of figures. “How old are you?” “Fifteen... Gran,” I added for extra politeness, but she looked at me as if I had been cheeky. “Full-timers at your age get two hundred and forty pounds for a thirty-five-hour week,” she announced in such a way as to leave no doubt that she wasn't in favour of this. “No wonder there's no profit in shopkeeping! So, Janet, what's that per hour?” Question like that always flustered me. Instead of trying to work them out in my head, I would just stand there unable to think straight. “I'll get a pencil and paper,” I offered. “Don't bother,” snapped Gran angrily, “I'll do it myself. I'll give you 6 pounds an hour; take it or leave it,” “I'll take it, please,” “And I expect real work for it, mind. No standing about, and if I catch you eating any of the stock, there'll be trouble. That's theft, and it's a crime.”

From then on, my main job at the shop was filling the shelves. This was dull, but I hardly expected to be trusted with handling the money. Once or twice, however, when Dad was extra busy, I'd tried to help him by serving behind the counter. I hated it. It was very difficult to remember the prices of everything and I was particularly hopeless at using the till. Certain customers made unkind remarks about this, increasing my confusion and the chances of making a fool of myself.

It was an old-established village shop, going back 150 years at least and it was really behind the times even then. Dad longed to be able to make the shop more attractive to customers, but Gran wouldn't hear of it. I overheard them once arguing about whether to buy a freezer cabinet. “Our customers want frozen food,” Dad said. “They see things advertised and if they can't get them from us, they'll go elsewhere.” “Your father always sold fresh food,” Gran replied. “People come here for quality, they don't want all that frozen stuff.”

1.    How did Janet feel when she first started her Saturday morning job?

A. She enjoyed the work that she was given.

B. She was pleased to be helping her father.

C. She worried that she was not doing it well.

D. She was only really interested in the reward.

2.    What do we learn about her grandmother's office in the second paragraph?

A. It was untidy.

B. It was dark.

C. It needed decorating.

D. It had too much furniture in it.

3.    The word “flustered” (para. 2) means ________.

A. bored

B. angered

C. confused

D. depressed

4.    What did Janet's father and grandmother disagree about?

A. How to keep their customers loyal to the shop.

B. The type of advertising needed to attract customers.

C. The type of customers they wanted to attract.

D. How to get new customers to come to the shop.

5.    What impression do we get of Janet's feelings towards her grandmother?

A. She respected her fairness.

B. She doubted her judgment.

C. She disliked her manner.

D. She admired her determination.

（二）

     A team of world-leading neuro-scientists has developed a powerful technique that allows them to look deep inside a person's brain and read their intentions before they act. The research breaks controversial new ground in scientists' ability to probe people's minds and eavesdrop on their thoughts, and raises serious ethical issues over how brain-reading technology may be used in the future. The team used high-resolution brain scans to identify patterns of activity before translating them into meaningful thoughts, revealing what a person planned to do in the near future. It is the first time scientists have succeeded in reading intentions in this way.

   “Using the scanner, we could look around the brain for this information and read out something that from the outside there's no way you could possibly tell is in there. It's like shining a torch around, looking for writing on a wall,” said John-Dylan Haynes at the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences in Germany, who led the study with colleagues at University College London and Oxford University.

The research builds on a series of recent studies in which brain imaging has been used to identify tell-tale activity linked to lying, violent behaviour and racial prejudice. The latest work reveals the dramatic pace at which neuro-science is progressing, prompting the researchers to call for an urgent debate into the ethical issues surrounding future uses for the technology.

If brain-reading can be refined, it could quickly be adopted to assist interrogations of criminals and terrorists, and even usher in a “Minority Report” era (as portrayed in the Steven Spielberg science fiction film of that name), where judgments are handed down before the law is broken on the strength of an incriminating brain scan.

“These techniques are emerging and we need an ethical debate about the implications, so that one day we're not surprised and overwhelmed and caught on the wrong foot by what they can do. These things are going to come to us in the next few years and we should really be prepared,” Professor Haynes said. The use of brain scanners to judge whether people are likely to commit crimes is a contentious issue that society should tackle now, according to Haynes. “We see the danger that this might become compulsory one day, but we have to be aware that if we prohibit it, we are also denying people who aren't going to commit any crime the possibility of proving their innocence.”

During the study, the researchers asked volunteers to decide whether to add or subtract two numbers they were later shown on a screen. Before the numbers flashed up, they were given a brain scan using a technique called functional magnetic imaging resonance. The researchers then used a software that had been designed to spot subtle differences in brain activity to predict the person's intentions with 70 percent accuracy.

Because brains differ so much, the scientists need a good idea of what a person's brain activity looks like when they are thinking something to be able to spot it in a scan, but researchers are already devising ways of deducing what patterns are associated with different thoughts.

1.    According to the passage, the brain-reading technology can be used ________.

A. to eavesdrop on potential criminals and terrorists

B. to probe people's minds and read their intentions

C. to design a software to spot subtle differences in brain activity

D. to suppress activities linked to lying, violence and discrimination

2.    Which of the following words can best describe the research on the brain scan?

A. Ethical.

B. Powerful.

C. Compulsory.

D. Groundbreaking.

3.    What should people do before brain scans are to be put into practical use?

A. Mobilize adequate resources.

B. Resolve controversial issues.

C. Improve the scanner's accuracy.

D. Identify different brain activities.

4.    The word “this” in the sentence “We see the danger that this might become compulsory one day, …” (para. 5) refers to ________.

A. the use of brain scanners

B. the prohibition of brain scanners

C. warning people who are likely to commit crimes

D. denying people the possibility of proving their innocence

5.    How did neuroscientists manage to detect different brain activities of people?

A. Flashing them up on a screen.

B. Deducing varying patterns.

C. Using a designed software.

D. Predicting their intentions.

3、句子翻译

1 Covering an area of 175 acres , the Palace is enclosed by walls over 35 feet high.

2 The farm was ringing with the sound of the iron gong and they could see the laborers pouring out of their huts, pointing at the hills and shouting excitedly.

　　3 I walked the unemployment lines the other day to talk to this American，who was depressed, pained and bewildered.

　　4 Not knowing where the supermarket was, he couldn’t buy what he needs.

　　5 There are variety of means to accomplish students’ employability, including helping students to acquire well-developed communication skills, research capabilities, and analytical abilities.

4、词汇翻译

（1）汉译英

1.欢迎光临  　　2.邮电  　　3.海外部主任    4.感到骄傲和荣幸   5.寄托  　　6.外宾专用别墅  7.幽默感 　　8.字面意思  　

9.下榻        10.国际机票

（2）英译汉

1．gracious invitation   
　 2.a distinguished group   

3.look over the seas   

4.school break   

5.potential market   　　

6.initially    
　　7.embark on    
　　8.at a moderate rate and a safe scale   

9.the term of our partnership    

10.a rewarding day    

5、作文

Shopping on the internet

    1. 现在流行网上购物

2. 网上购物的利弊

3. 我的看法